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Type 2 Diabetes, on Insulin, Not at Goal: 2 Case StudiesMeet 2 type 2 diabetes patients on multiple antihyperglycemics but still not meeting the ADA recommended A1c goal of 7%. What are the next best steps?
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Image IQ: Recurrent Eyelid PurpuraEyelid bruising was observed on a 64-year-old woman during routine skin cancer follow-up. She denied trauma or pain. What does this look like to you?
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Image IQ: Rash with Chills, Neck Pain, Acute FeverRash began with one lesion followed by tender, disseminated eruption; fevers spiked to 102°F. Test your visual diagnostic skills.
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Image IQ: Rash with Chills, Neck Pain, Acute FeverRash began with one lesion followed by tender, disseminated eruption; fevers spiked to 102°F. Test your visual diagnostic skills.
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AHA/ACC & ESC/EAS Lipid Guidelines: Compare & Contrast QuizDyslipidemia guidelines from the US and Europe take slightly different routes to similar ends. Test your knowledge of the twists and turns.
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COVID-19 or the Flu? Preparing for the OverlapWorried about the upcoming flu season overlapping with COVID-19? Get up to date on available tests and the clinical aspects of the diseases with our quick article.
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Obesity and COVID-19: Meet Patients Where They AreAmericans with obesity and overweight are at greater risk for more severe COVID-19. Clinicians can support them best by asking how they can help.
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HIV Strains Becoming More Aggressive. What Does This Mean?(AUDIO) In a brief podcast, the director of the University of North Carolina infectious diseases center ponders the implications of new HIV strains that lead to AIDS symptoms significantly faster than in the past. To him, the response is obvious. What troubles him is that not everyone seems to sense the urgency
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Oral Plasmablastic LymphomaA previously healthy 43-year-old man was referred to the hospital for the diagnosis of a nodular lesion in the mandibular gingiva.
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Histoplasmosis-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome: A Case ReportHemophagocytic syndrome is a macrophage disorder that may develop as a result of immunological activation, such as that seen in severe infection.
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Recurrent Urothelial Bladder Cancer Among HIV-Infected PatientsWe report 4 cases of bladder cancer in an ethnically diverse population of about 2500 HIV-infected patients. These patients were younger than the median age at diagnosis of bladder cancer in the United States.
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Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in a Man with Long-Standing HIVHere’s a case in point about progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with long-standing HIV who had never taken HART.
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An HIV-Infected Patient With Fever, Pancytopenia, and Renal Failure: Is This End-Stage AIDS?Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. Although immunocompetent persons with H capsulatum infections are usually asymptomatic, several clinical syndromes can manifest in immunocompromised patients.
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Histoplasmosis-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome: A Case ReportHemophagocytic syndrome is a macrophage disorder that may develop as a result of immunological activation, such as that seen in severe infection.
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An HIV-Infected Patient With Nocardia asteroides Bilateral PneumoniaPneumonia remains a concern for persons with long-standing HIV infection. We present a case of a 43-year-old HIV-infected woman with bilateral pneumonia whose presentation suggested the cause was a bacterial pathogen.
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Histoplasmosis-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome: A Case ReportHemophagocytic syndrome is a macrophage disorder that may develop as a result of immunological activation, such as that seen in severe infection.
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Preexposure Prophylaxis with Tenofovir or Emtricitabine-Tenofovir Reduces Herpes Simplex Virus Type -2 TransmissionThis study demonstrates an added benefit to tenofovir-based preexposure prophylaxis regimens in preventing HSV-2.
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Isolated Unilateral Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome as the Initial Manifestation of HIV InfectionThe lifetime cumulative risk of at least 1 abnormal ocular lesion for an HIV-positive person ranges from 52% to 100%. Ophthalmic involvement can occur during the early phase of HIV infection, and ocular lesions are mainly noted in the posterior segment.1,2
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Elephantiasis Nostras Verrucosa Secondary to Kaposi Sarcoma: A Rare CaseA 52-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of progressive bilateral lower extremity edema and increasing pain. The patient complained of shortness of breath, productive cough, and rash on the upper extremities and torso for the past year.
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Current Health Disparities in HIV/AIDSThe CDC and other public health organizations have identified numerous disparities in the incidence and outcomes of HIV disease among different population groups
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Unusual Case of Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia During Primary HIV InfectionSymptomatic primary HIV infection occurs in an estimated 50% to 90% of patients. A constellation of symptoms that most closely resembles those of acute infectious mononucleosis characterizes the syndrome.
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Recurrent Urothelial Bladder Cancer Among HIV-Infected PatientsWe report 4 cases of bladder cancer in an ethnically diverse population of about 2500 HIV-infected patients. These patients were younger than the median age at diagnosis of bladder cancer in the United States.
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HIV Testing in the Emergency DepartmentIn a recent editorial in The AIDS Reader, the “burden of responsibility for routine HIV testing” was accurately described as now falling on all clinicians, including those in emergency departments (EDs). Routine HIV testing in the ED seems logical because patients who seek health care in the ED are often underinsured and have low incomes, the very populations with a higher prevalence of undiagnosed HIV.
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Public Health and Human Rights: Evidence-Based ApproachesThe words HIV or AIDS do not appear in the title of this book, and at first glance, this book appears to be about something else. On the contrary, it is about HIV and much more.
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HIV-Associated Pseudotumor Cerebri: A Case Report and Literature ReviewIdiopathic intracranial hypertension is a cause of vision loss in HIV-positive patients. In many patients with controlled HIV disease, idiopathic intracranial hypertension develops without any other apparent cause.
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Routine HIV Screening, Part 2: Beyond Testing and ReferralJake” was a 17-year-old high school student who came to see me with his supportive but anxious mother. Four months earlier, Jake’s pediatrician, having read the CDC recommendations for routine testing of all patients aged 13 to 64,
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Progression of Kaposi Sarcoma Associated With Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome in a Person With HIV/AIDSThe prevalence of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in HIV-infected persons in the pre-HAART era has been reported to be as high as 20%. Although AIDS-associated KS has declined by more than 80% since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral regimens, KS remains an important malignancy in the HIV-infected population
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Subacute Onset of Paralysis in a Person With AIDSThe pathogen Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan that most commonly presents in persons with AIDS as reactivation of latent infection.
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Unusual Case of Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia During Primary HIV InfectionSymptomatic primary HIV infection occurs in an estimated 50% to 90% of patients. A constellation of symptoms that most closely resembles those of acute infectious mononucleosis characterizes the syndrome.
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Establishing an Anal Dysplasia Clinic for HIV-Infected Men: Initial ExperienceProlonged exposure to high-risk strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the dysplastic effects that HPV exerts on cells of the squamocolumnar transitional junction of the anal canal lead to anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN), which is a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA).1 Anal HPV infection is present in 93% of HIV-positive men who have anoreceptive intercourse.2 Furthermore, anal dysplasia of any grade has been reported in 56% of HIV-infected men who participate in anoreceptive intercourse.3,4
